Grim tales in Thailand fishing sector despite reforms

Kuala Lumpur: Trafficked into work and routinely abused, migrant fishermen in Thailand are still subject to forced labour despite efforts by the government to clean up the industry, advocacy groups said on Tuesday.
Thailand's multibillion-dollar seafood sector came under scrutiny in recent years after investigations showed widespread slavery, trafficking and violence on fishing boats and in onshore processing facilities.
The military, which took power since a 2014 coup, has rolled out reforms since the European Union in 2015 threatened to ban fish imports from Thailand unless it clean up the industry. But the advocacy group Human Rights Watch (HRW) says little has changed.
Brad Adams, the group's Asia director, said the measures should have given consumers in Europe, the United States and Japan the confidence that Thailand's seafood does not involve forced labour.
"Yet despite high-profile commitments by the Thai government to clean up the fishing industry, problems are rampant," he added in a statement.
In a report released on Tuesday, HRW included testimonies from some 248 current and former fishermen who described their horrific working conditions. The workers, almost all from Myanmar and Cambodia, were interviewed between 2015 and 2017.
"It was torture. One time I was so tired I fell off the boat, but they pulled me back on board," Zin Min Thet from Myanmar was quoted as saying in the report.
"You can't leave because if you leave you won't get paid, and if you want to leave at the end it's only if they let you," another fisherman Bien Vorn from Cambodia told the New York-based rights group.
The world's third largest seafood exporter, Thailand's fishing industry employs more than 300,000 people, many of them migrant workers from neighbouring countries. The sector has long been dogged by allegations of abuses.
The Labour Rights Promotion Network Foundation, a Thai advocacy group that supports migrant fishermen, said reforms introduced by the government often are not enforced by local officials.
"The situation of forced labour is still serious. Very often the fishermen have no salary or cannot change their job," its founder, Patima Tungpuchayakul, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation by phone from Thailand.
More than a third of migrant fishermen in Thailand were victims of trafficking, according to a study of 260 fishermen by anti-trafficking group the International Justice Mission last year.
The study found three-quarters of migrants working on Thai fishing vessels have been in debt bondage and work at least 16 hours a day.