At least 17 people were injured in the attack, with at least three people in serious condition, the Tokyo Fire Department said.
The man was reportedly dressed as the "Joker" character from the "Batman" comic book and film series. Japanese outlet NHK said the assailant was dressed in a green shirt, a blue suit and a purple coat.
The stabbing rampage occurred as partygoers traveled towards the lively neighborhood of Shinjuku to take part in Halloween celebrations.